Togo is a developing economy and dependent primarily on the agricultural sector. The agricultural sector contributes about 41% (2009) to the national GDP and employs about 60% of the total population. However, the country also has a developing industrial and service sector. For instance, in 2009, the trading and the hospitality industry contributed about 13% to the GDP.

(Source: world66.com, mapsofworld.com, afdb.org)

Gross domestic product (GDP) 

In 2010, the country’s GDP at current prices was estimated at CFA 1,560.34 billion, growing 5.23% from 2009. For the same year, GDP per capita was estimated at CFA 224,100.77.

e=estimated

(Source: IMF)

Gross national income (GNI) 

In 2010, GNI per capita at PPP was USD 844, as compared to USD 822 in 2005.

(Source:UNDP)

Income tax rate

In 2010, the highest tax levied on individual income was 40%.

(Source: heritage.org)

Corporate tax rates

The government of Togo levies a corporate profit tax rate of 30% and a value added tax (VAT) of 18% on corporations.

(Source: doingbusiness.org)

Inflation rate

In 2010, Togo’s inflation rate was projected at 2.4%. 

(Source: AEO)

e=estimated, p=projected

(Source: AEO)

Foreign direct investment (FDI) 

In 2009, Togo had a net FDI inflow of USD 50.13 million, as compared to USD 23.88 million in 2008. 

(Source: World Bank)

Foreign portfolio investment (FPI) 

In 2008, total foreign portfolio equity investments inflow in Togo amounted to USD 1,371,132, as compared to USD 6,313,811 in 2007.

Central bank assets

The net foreign assets in 2007 amounted to CFA 199.1 billion, as compared to CFA 204.1 billion in 2006. Of the total assets in 2007, central bank assets were CFA 162.5 billion. 

(Source: Central Bank)

Consumer price index (CPI)

In October 2010, overall CPI of the country was 104.7, as compared to 137 in the corresponding period of 2009.

Base year: 1996 = 100

(Source: stat-togo.org)

Wholesale price index (WPI)

In the third quarter of 2009, overall WPI of Togo was 125.7, as compared to 110.93 in the corresponding period of 2008. 

(Source: stat-togo.org)

Base year = 2002 = 100

(Source: stat-togo.org)

Interest rates

In 2008, the interest rate offered by banks in Togo was 3.5% per annum on deposits.

(Source: World Bank)

Money supply

(Source: afdb.org)

Government expenditure

(Source: afdb.org) 

Public debt level

(Source: afdb.org)

 

 

Official exchange rate

 

In 2009, the official exchange rate of CFA Franc (CFAF) against one United States Dollar (USD) was CFA 472.

 

Official Exchange Rates
Year	USD
2009	472.19
2008	447.81
2007	479.27
2006	522.89
2005	527.47

 

(Source: afdb.org)

 

Fiscal balance

 

In 2009, Togo recorded a fiscal deficit of CFA 51,449 million, as compared to a deficit of CFA 3,314 million in 2008.

 

(Source: afdb.org)

 

Government revenue

In 2009, total government revenue and grants amounted to CFA 243,701 million, of which government grants were CFA 17,000 million.

 

(Source: afdb.org)

 

Tax revenue

Tax revenues amounted to CFAF 174,335 million in 2009, contributing about 40% to the total Government revenues. The tax revenue in the previous fiscal year (2008) was CFA 167,458 million.

 

(Source: afdb.org)

Current account balance

 

In 2010, current account balance of Togo was recorded at -10.3% of the GDP, as compared to -8% in 2009. The current account balance in 2011 is projected at -9.1% of the GDP.

 

(Source: AEO)

 

Balance of payments

Balance of Payments (CFA million)
Particulars	2009	2008	2007
Current account balance (net)	-113,289	-116,153	-110,667
Trade Balance	-207,500	-207,200	-196,600
Services balance	-41,987	-38,900	-33,290
Net income	-6,202	-7,777	-14,492
Net current transfers	142,400	137,723	133,715

 

(Source: afdb.org)

Labour force

In 2010, the economically active population of Togo was estimated at 3,059,000, of which females constituted 43.6%.

(Source: ilo.org)

Unemployment rate

In 2005, the unemployment rate was 32.6% of the total working population.

(Source: AEO)

Minimum wage

Minimum wage in Togo is CFA 28,000 for all types of workers.

(Source: minimum-wage.org, doingbusiness.org)

Level of unionisation

The major trade unions in the country include:

·         Confédération Nationale des Travailleurs du Togo (CNTT)

·         Confédération Syndicale des Travailleurs du Togo (CSTT)

·         Union Nationale des Syndicats Indépendants du Togo (UNSIT)

(Source: icftu.org)

Togo has a democratic form of government divided into legislative, executive and judicial branches. 

The parliament holds the legislative powers in the country. It is unicameral and has a statutory requirement of 81 members, who are directly elected for a term of five years.

The executive powers are exercised by the President of Togo with the assistance of the Prime Minister, who is the head of government. The government is comprised of the Council of Ministers, Ministers of State and the Secretaries of State.

(Source: Constitution of Togo, spainexchange.com)

The major political parties in the country include:

·         Rassemblement du Peuple Togolais

·         Union des Forces de Changement

·         Comite d'action pour le Renouveau

·         Pan-African Patriotic Convergence Party

·         Democratic Convention of the African People

·         National Alliance for Change

(Source: state.gov)

Regulatory environment 

Togo is ranked 153^rd in the 2011 Index of Economic Freedom. Its economic freedom score is 49.1 (out of 100), increasing 2.0 points from the previous year. In the Sub-Saharan Africa region, Togo is ranked 35^th out of 46 countries.

(Source: heritage.org)

Corruption perception

The country is ranked 134^th in the Corruption Perceptions Index 2010. Its index score is 2.4 (out of 10), reflecting high levels of corruption.

(Source: transperancy.org)

Freedom of information

Togo is ranked 60^th on the Press Freedom Index 2010, indicating that there are moderate levels of restrictions on the media.

(Source: rsf.org)

The major newspapers in the country include:

·         Togo-Presse

·         Liberte

·         Forum de la Semaine

·         Le Regard

·         Le Combat du Peuple

·         Nouveau Combat

·         Carrefour

·         Le Crocodile

·         Motion d'Information

Judicial system

The judicial system is an independent part of the government. Following are the various courts in the country:

·         Constitutional Court

·         Supreme Court

·         Court of Appeal

·         Other courts

The Constitutional Court handles matters and complaints related to the constitution. 

(Source: Constitution of Togo)

In 2009, Togo had an estimated population of 6,618,613. Of this females constituted 50.5% of the total population of the country. Furthermore, about 57% of the population fell between the age group of 15-64 years.

(Source: afdb.org)

(Source: afdb.org)

(Source: afdb.org)

Birth and death rate

During the 2005 to 2010 period, Togo had an estimated birth rate of 33.1 births per 1,000 persons.

(Source: UNDATA)

In 2008, the death rate of the country was estimated at 8 deaths per 1,000 persons.

(Source: UNDATA)

Infant mortality rate

During the 2005 to 2010 period, infant mortality rate is estimated at 71 deaths per 1,000 live births.

(Source: UNDATA)

Life expectancy

Between 2005 and 2010, life expectancy at the time of birth was estimated at 60.7 years in the case of males and 64.2 years in the case of females.

(Source: UNDATA)

Migration and urbanisation

At mid-2010, Togo had an international stock of 185,400, representing 2.7% to the entire population of the country.

(Source: UNDATA)

In 2009, about 42.7% of the total population resided in the urban areas.

(Source: afdb.org) 

Ethnic environment

There are various ethnicities in the country, including Ewe, Mina, Kabye and Cotocolix Moba. 

(Source: state.gov)

Human development index (HDI) 

Togo is ranked 139^th on the HDI 2010. The HDI provides a composite measure of three dimensions of human development which are measured by life expectancy, adult literacy & enrolment in education and per capita GNP at Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). 

(Source: UNDP)

Literacy rate

In 2008, the adult literacy rate (people above 15 years of age) of Togo was estimated  at 64.9% and the youth literacy rate (people between the ages of 15-24 years) was estimated at 83.5%.

(Source: UNESCO)

Education

The country follows a multi-level system of education including pre-primary, primary, secondary and tertiary education levels.

(Source: UNESCO)

In 2007, there were 26,103 teachers in primary education and 11,518 teachers in secondary education.

The expenditure on education in 2007 is estimated at 3.7% of the GDP in the year 2007.

(Source: World Bank, UNDP)

Healthcare

In 2005, the country had 9 hospital beds per 10,000 persons.

(Source: UNDATA, AEO)

The per capita expenditure on healthcare was USD 33 in 2007.

(Source: World Bank)

Mass Public Transit

Roadways are the principal mode of transport in Togo.

Roadways

The country has about 10,000 kms of roads, of which 15% are tarred roads.

(Source: estandardsforum.org)

Railways

Togo has about 532 kms of railway lines.

(Source: estandardsforum.org)

Ports

The country has two ports: Port of Lome and Port of Kpeme. These ports are located near the Gulf of Guinea.

(Source: worldportsource.com)

Airports

There are seven airports in the country: Kolokope, Akpaka, Djangou, Tokoin, Niamtougou, Sansanne-Mango and Sokode. 

(Source: aircraft-charter-world.com)

Telecommunications

In 2009, Togo had 178,713 fixed landline subscribers and 2,187,334 mobile subscribers. As of June 2010, there were around 356,300 internet users in the country with a penetration rate of 5.7%. 

(Source: itu.int, internetworldstats.com)

(Source: itu.int)